Abstract

The geopolitical landscape of Scandinavia has witnessed significant transformations over the past century, bringing nations like Sweden and Finland to the forefront of international relations discourse. This thesis examines the evolving diplomatic strategies of these countries in response to contemporary geopolitical challenges, including the assertiveness of Russia, the rise of global powers such as China and North Korea, and the implications of Iran’s nuclear ambitions. The invasion of Ukraine by Russia in 2022 serves as a critical juncture, prompting Sweden and Finland to reevaluate their long-standing policies of neutrality and non-alignment, ultimately leading to their recent NATO membership.

Tracing the historical evolution of Sweden and Finland’s foreign policies, this study explores how these nations have adapted their diplomatic practices in light of new threats, shifting alliances, and the pressures of a multipolar world. The research delves into the legacies of World War II and the Cold War, highlighting how these historical events have shaped contemporary security narratives and regional cooperation frameworks. As members of the European Union, both countries face unique challenges in balancing EU policies with their national interests, particularly in the context of defense, diplomacy, and development.

Sweden and Finland’s foreign policy frameworks are examined through the lenses of defense, diplomacy, and development, with attention to how each nation leverages its strengths in international cooperation. Sweden’s commitment to extensive development aid and sustainable development goals contrasts with Finland’s focus on technological innovation and economic diplomacy. These distinctions reflect broader strategic imperatives as both countries navigate the complexities of their NATO integration and their roles within the EU.

This thesis addresses the pivotal question: "How have the diplomatic practices and foreign policy dynamics evolved in Scandinavia, particularly in Sweden and Finland, and what are the contemporary political and regional implications? Furthermore, how might these changes shape the future political landscape in Scandinavia and influence global affairs?" By analyzing key policy decisions, public sentiment shifts, and the broader regional and global implications of their NATO membership, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the evolving geopolitical role of Scandinavia. The research aims to provide critical insights into the future of Sweden and Finland’s foreign policies, their impact on regional security dynamics, and the broader implications for global affairs.

Semester/Year of Award

Fall 2024

Mentor

Dr.Patrick Litanga

Mentor Department Affiliation

Government

Access Options

Open Access Thesis

Degree Name

Honors Scholars

Degree Level

Bachelors

Department

Government

Presentation

https://mymaileku-my.sharepoint.com/:p:/g/personal/pedro_ruvalcaba_mymail_eku_edu/EaYC81qXsuhCql9-LjgNrpgBxUIvNKnw1URrJrNC2PXhsQ?e=C0Ob57

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